This study was empirically analyzed to examine the causal relationship between the independent variable and acceptance intention from the TOCE perspective, targeting core respondents of 92 companies that did not introduce smart factories among domestic manufacturing SMEs. Among the many antecedent variables that affect the smart factory acceptance intention of manufacturing SMEs, in this study, the variables selected from the TOCE perspective of technology characteristic variables, organizational characteristics variables, CEO variables, and environmental variables were selected and their influencewas verified as follows. First, uncertainty in technological performance as a technology characteristic variable was found to have a significant negative effect on the smart factory acceptance intention of manufacturing SMEs. Second, it was found that, as organizational characteristic variables, financial cost and human resource vulnerability of an organization had a significant negative effect on the smart factory acceptance intention of manufacturing SMEs, but information technology competency had a significant positive effect. Third, the CEO support as a CEO variable was found to have a significant positive effect on the smart factory acceptance intention of manufacturing SMEs. Fourth, as environmental characteristic variables, it was found that the digital environment change and trading partner pressure had a significant positive effect on the smart factory acceptance intention ofmanufacturing SMEs.